Quite simple: smartctl -a [device]
What this does it simply read and process S.M.A.R.T. data.
For even more details, see: http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/linux-find-out-if-harddisk-failing.html
(for instance smartctl -d ata -t long [device])
Below is an example output from one of my drives, with some issues:
> smartctl -a /dev/sda
smartctl 5.42 2011-10-20 r3458 [x86_64-linux-3.2.13-grsec-xxxx-grs-ipv6-64] (SUSE RPM)
Copyright (C) 2002-11 by Bruce Allen, http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Device Model: ST2000DM001-XXXXXX
Serial Number: Z1XXXXXX
LU WWN Device Id: 5 xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx
Firmware Version: CC4H
User Capacity: 2,000,398,934,016 bytes [2.00 TB]
Sector Sizes: 512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
Device is: Not in smartctl database [for details use: -P showall]
ATA Version is: 8
ATA Standard is: ATA-8-ACS revision 4
Local Time is: Thu Jul 25 04:48:14 2013 EDT
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x00) Offline data collection activity
was never started.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 575) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x73) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
No Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 224) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x3085) SCT Status supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 10
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000f 115 097 006 Pre-fail Always - 96680688
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0003 094 094 000 Pre-fail Always - 0
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 020 Old_age Always - 85
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 036 Pre-fail Always - 0
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000f 087 060 030 Pre-fail Always - 4947608449
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 090 090 000 Old_age Always - 8765
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 097 Pre-fail Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 020 Old_age Always - 83
183 Runtime_Bad_Block 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
184 End-to-End_Error 0x0032 100 100 099 Old_age Always - 0
187 Reported_Uncorrect 0x0032 001 001 000 Old_age Always - 576
188 Command_Timeout 0x0032 100 095 000 Old_age Always - 4295032841
189 High_Fly_Writes 0x003a 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022 065 056 045 Old_age Always - 35 (Min/Max 18/43)
191 G-Sense_Error_Rate 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 82
193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 957
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 035 044 000 Old_age Always - 35 (0 7 0 0 0)
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0012 097 097 000 Old_age Always - 600
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0010 097 097 000 Old_age Offline - 600
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x003e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
240 Head_Flying_Hours 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 111368501993865
241 Total_LBAs_Written 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 96320646201
242 Total_LBAs_Read 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 1482116076162
SMART Error Log Version: 1
ATA Error Count: 574 (device log contains only the most recent five errors)
CR = Command Register [HEX]
FR = Features Register [HEX]
SC = Sector Count Register [HEX]
SN = Sector Number Register [HEX]
CL = Cylinder Low Register [HEX]
CH = Cylinder High Register [HEX]
DH = Device/Head Register [HEX]
DC = Device Command Register [HEX]
ER = Error register [HEX]
ST = Status register [HEX]
Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as
DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes,
SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It "wraps" after 49.710 days.
Error 574 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 7419 hours (309 days + 3 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 ff ff ff 0f Error: UNC at LBA = 0x0fffffff = 268435455
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
25 00 48 ff ff ff ef 00 37d+06:30:50.798 READ DMA EXT
27 00 00 00 00 00 e0 00 37d+06:30:50.797 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00 37d+06:30:50.789 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ef 03 46 00 00 00 a0 00 37d+06:30:50.785 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
27 00 00 00 00 00 e0 00 37d+06:30:50.761 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT
Error 573 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 7419 hours (309 days + 3 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 ff ff ff 0f Error: UNC at LBA = 0x0fffffff = 268435455
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
25 00 48 ff ff ff ef 00 37d+06:30:45.100 READ DMA EXT
27 00 00 00 00 00 e0 00 37d+06:30:45.100 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00 37d+06:30:45.093 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ef 03 46 00 00 00 a0 00 37d+06:30:45.046 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
27 00 00 00 00 00 e0 00 37d+06:30:44.952 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT
Error 572 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 7419 hours (309 days + 3 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 ff ff ff 0f Error: UNC at LBA = 0x0fffffff = 268435455
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
25 00 48 ff ff ff ef 00 37d+06:30:37.990 READ DMA EXT
25 00 08 ff ff ff ef 00 37d+06:30:37.983 READ DMA EXT
25 00 10 ff ff ff ef 00 37d+06:30:37.921 READ DMA EXT
25 00 08 ff ff ff ef 00 37d+06:30:37.909 READ DMA EXT
25 00 08 ff ff ff ef 00 37d+06:30:37.882 READ DMA EXT
Error 571 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 6784 hours (282 days + 16 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 ff ff ff 0f Error: UNC at LBA = 0x0fffffff = 268435455
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
25 00 00 ff ff ff ef 00 10d+19:40:33.223 READ DMA EXT
27 00 00 00 00 00 e0 00 10d+19:40:33.222 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00 10d+19:40:33.214 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ef 03 46 00 00 00 a0 00 10d+19:40:33.207 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
27 00 00 00 00 00 e0 00 10d+19:40:33.182 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT
Error 570 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 6784 hours (282 days + 16 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 ff ff ff 0f Error: UNC at LBA = 0x0fffffff = 268435455
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
25 00 00 ff ff ff ef 00 10d+19:40:30.298 READ DMA EXT
27 00 00 00 00 00 e0 00 10d+19:40:30.297 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00 10d+19:40:30.289 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ef 03 46 00 00 00 a0 00 10d+19:40:30.281 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
27 00 00 00 00 00 e0 00 10d+19:40:30.257 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Extended offline Completed: read failure 90% 9634 231252752
# 2 Short offline Completed without error 00% 3448 -
# 3 Short offline Completed without error 00% 3436 -
# 4 Short offline Completed without error 00% 3436 -
# 5 Short offline Completed without error 00% 17 -
# 6 Short offline Completed without error 00% 5 -
# 7 Short offline Completed without error 00% 5 -
# 8 Short offline Completed without error 00% 4 -
# 9 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 3 -
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
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